The following article will address the topic of Punjabi Braille, which is of great relevance and interest today. Punjabi Braille has captured the attention of numerous people, as it represents a turning point in the way this topic is perceived and approached. Over the years, Punjabi Braille has sparked debate and controversy, and its influence has spread to different areas, from culture to politics. In this context, it is pertinent to carry out a deep and detailed analysis of Punjabi Braille, with the aim of understanding its implications and consequences in today's society.
Punjabi Braille is the braille alphabet used in India for Punjabi. It is one of the Bharati braille alphabets, and largely conforms to the letter values of the other Bharati alphabets.
Alphabet
The alphabet is as follows: Vowel letters are used rather than diacritics, and they occur after consonants in their spoken order. For orthographic conventions, see Bharati Braille.
The Bharati point, ⠐, is only used to derive one consonant, ਗ਼ ġa/ɣə/, from the base consonant letter ਗ ga/ɡə/. This system also operates in Hindi Braille and Indian Urdu Braille, but the Punjabi Braille alphabet is closer to Indian Urdu, as all other consonants that are pointed in print, such as ਖ਼ xa, are rendered with dedicated letters in braille based on international values. The six pointed letters in the Gurmukhi script have the following equivalents in braille:
^Unesco (2013) also has ⠐⠻ for ੜ੍ਹ ṛh, but this is an apparent copy error: ੜ੍ਹ is a sequence ṛ-h, not the equivalent of the single letter ṛh in other Indic scripts.